Chapter Summary of Guns Germs and Steel

1. How humans came into populace was talked about along with the major advances in the worlds development. It is proved that humans did evolve from monkeys in Africa. in that respect is some arguments or so if there were pre-Clovis people or not, but James Diamond says evidence wouldve been prime by now. 2. The Maori and Moriori atomic number 18 the descendants of the Polynesians. Beca subroutine they had a larger and denser population, the Maori people were much technologic ally advanced with more complex societies and technology. Smaller populations only flummox things when there is an comeual need.3. There was a big population jailbreak in North America when the Europeans colonized America and almost eliminated the subjective American population. The Spanish conquistadors were Christians, who used God as their closeing buttocks actions. So, when the Incan emperor and heir died of small pox, the Spanish used their confabulation skills to easily defeat the Incas. 4. T he production of food is very important to a happy society, because food means more people. Domesticating animals also totals with its benefits such as milk, meat, tools, labor, and transportation.For example horses were used in warf be. 5. There was a discussion revolving around wherefore well off areas didnt do food production. The earliest places that did adopt food productions were Iraq, Mexico, and the Andes. 6. Ancient farming often had many diseases associated with it along with malnourishment and younger deaths. Usually people would do a combine of hunter gathering and farming. Mainly the only people who would not abide are the one(a)s who could not farm because of geographical reasons. 7. Wild plants became crops through transmittable modifications.For the purpose of reproduction, tasty plants had bitter seeds, so animals wouldnt eat the seeds. 8. This chapter discussed why the Fertile Crescent thrived as well as it did. Three potential answers could be the climate, self-pollination, and the ancestor crops. The beginning of the chapter also talks a throne about why some locations used agriculture and some did not. There were many theories to this question. 9. The definition of a domesticated animal is an animal selectively bred in captivity and thereby modified from its wild ancestors, for use by humans who control the animals breeding and food supply.Elephants and zebras are both capable of being domesticated, but no one has been successful at it yet. The most successfully domesticated animals have all come from Eurasia. 10. The axis and Earths rotation have an affect on the continent. Trade tends to move farther east and west, because they share the same twenty-four hours length, diseases, seasons, and climate. 11. Germs and infections had a huge affect on crops and animals. People develop immunity to certain diseases. Sometimes though infections can spread very slowly, which makes it act more effectively because no one discovers it.12. T he ability to write and its grandeur was discussed in this chapter. A societies comprehension is shown through its composing. A writing system has three basic dowrys a sound, syllable, and word. The basic structures for many writing systems were based off The Sumerians and the Mesoamerican people. 13. Diamond says that there are a few parts for an invention to be used and wanted. It has to have an stinting advantage and match the interest of society. It also must have tender significance. 14. This chapter talks about the organization of a society.There are many levels of organization. The levels are a band, tribe, chiefdom, state, and kleptocrat. The chapter discusses what each one was and talks about the roles of each one along with its strengths and weaknesses. 15. Even though Australia had some of the best technology, it didnt invariably attack Europe. Australia was known to isolate itself along with New dago. New guinea was geographically stray and progressed slowly for a few reasons. For example their crops didnt have significant protein and there were no diseases to keep intruders out. 16.China stayed very isolated and unified politically. Language was also discussed. Language changes and evolves into different languages, because when people besiege the area they bring their own words and phrases that then become part of the local language. 17. A language that did not change was Polynesias. This has an unknown reason why. The Austronesians did have the largest population expansion in the last 6000 years. They attacked New Guinea and killed the majority of the New Guineans. 18. Eurasia did not successfully take over all the primeval Americans.The Eurasians were use to working with domesticated animals, but there were not many domesticated animals there. Even though they couldnt really use the animals, with the use of guns, germs, and steel the Eurasians had a huge advantage over the Native Americans. 19. Africa is predominately black for the re ason that the black people owned the largest area. The black farmers attacked the pygmy homeland and took their language. They also did this to the Khoisans. Africa didnt domesticate animals until much later.